Born in Ireland in 1838, William Smith eventually made his way to New Hampshire, the state to which his military service would be accredited. By the height of the American Civil War, Smith had joined the U.S. Navy, serving as a Quartermaster during one of the most famous naval engagements in maritime history.

On June 19, 1864, Smith was stationed aboard the U.S.S. Kearsarge off the coast of Cherbourg, France. His vessel had cornered the notorious Confederate raider, the C.S.S. Alabama. During the ensuing battle, Smith was assigned as the captain of the 11-inch pivot gun of the second division. As the two ships exchanged heavy fire, Smith remained remarkably composed, earning specific mention for his “deliberate and cool manner” under pressure.

The effectiveness of Smith’s leadership at the pivot gun was devastating. Following the sinking of the Alabama, captured Confederate officers admitted that Smith’s gun was the most destructive weapon on the Kearsarge, responsible for more damage than any other piece of Union artillery in the fight. For his extraordinary courage and technical skill during the bitter engagement, Smith was awarded the Medal of Honor.